Carbon steel pipe classification by manufacturing process


Seamless Steel Pipe


Seamless steel pipes are formed by perforation, extrusion, and other processes. They have uniform wall thickness and high compressive strength, suitable for high-pressure and high-temperature environments such as boilers and heat exchangers.
Features: High pressure resistance, heat resistance, suitable for extreme conditions.
Pros & Cons: Complex manufacturing process, higher cost, but ideal for high-pressure and high-temperature applications.


Welded Steel Pipe


Welded steel pipes are made by welding steel plates or strips. They are ideal for low-pressure applications such as buildings and water/gas transportation.
Features: Simple manufacturing process, low cost.
Pros & Cons: Lower strength compared to seamless pipes, suitable for less demanding applications.






Carbon steel pipes are classified by use

 

Structural Steel Pipe


Used in construction, bridges, and machinery structures, requiring high strength and good compressive properties.
Features: Good toughness and strong load-bearing capacity.
Pros & Cons: Focuses on load-bearing performance rather than corrosion resistance compared to fluid transportation pipes.

 

Fluid Transport Steel Pipe


Mainly used for transporting petroleum, natural gas, and water, requiring good corrosion resistance and pressure resistance.
Features: Good corrosion resistance, suitable for long-distance fluid transportation.
Pros & Cons: Lower strength but strong sealing and corrosion resistance, suitable for special environments.


Heat Exchanger Steel Pipe


Used in heat exchangers, requiring excellent heat transfer and high-temperature resistance, widely used in chemical and energy industries.
Features: Good heat transfer, high temperature and corrosion resistance.
Pros & Cons: Special application scenario, requires optimization of heat transfer efficiency.

 

Boiler Pipe


Used in boiler equipment, able to withstand high temperatures and pressures, widely used in power plants and hot water boilers.
Features: High temperature and pressure resistance, widely used in the energy industry.
Pros & Cons: Extremely high requirements for strength and heat resistance, higher cost.



Carbon steel pipes are classified by steel composition

 

Low Carbon Steel Pipe


Low carbon steel pipes contain less than 0.25% carbon, offering good plasticity and weldability, widely used in construction and general pipelines.
Features: Good weldability and plasticity, suitable for general pressure environments.
Pros & Cons: Low strength, not suitable for high-pressure or high-strength applications.

 

Medium Carbon Steel Pipe


Contains between 0.25% and 0.6% carbon, with good overall mechanical properties, suitable for parts that bear higher loads.
Features: Higher strength, suitable for industrial equipment and load-bearing structures.
Pros & Cons: Lower plasticity and weldability, suitable for applications requiring higher strength.


High Carbon Steel Pipe


Contains more than 0.6% carbon, offering high hardness and strength, widely used for tool manufacturing and wear-resistant environments.
Features: High hardness and strength, suitable for high-load and wear-resistant applications.
Pros & Cons: Poor plasticity, difficult to process, suitable for special environments.



Carbon steel pipes are classified by pipe surface treatment

 

Black Pipe


Black pipes have no special surface treatment, primarily used for general construction and water pipelines.
Features: Low cost, suitable for normal environments.
Pros & Cons: Lack of corrosion resistance, suitable for indoor or non-harsh environments.


Galvanized Steel Pipe


Galvanized steel pipes have a layer of zinc coating, providing strong corrosion resistance, suitable for outdoor and humid environments.
Features: Strong corrosion resistance, suitable for outdoor or humid conditions.
Pros & Cons: Higher cost, suitable for harsh environments.

 

Plastic Coated Steel Pipe


Plastic-coated steel pipes are coated with a layer of plastic, providing excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
Features: Corrosion and wear-resistant, suitable for special environmental applications.
Pros & Cons: Higher production cost, suitable for applications requiring high corrosion resistance.



Carbon steel pipes are classified by size

 

Large Diameter Steel Pipe


Large diameter steel pipes have diameters larger than 219mm, mainly used for long-distance, high-flow, and high-pressure pipelines.
Features: Suitable for high flow and high-pressure applications.
Pros & Cons: Higher cost, suitable for large projects.


Small Diameter Steel Pipe


Small diameter steel pipes are widely used in construction and general industrial projects.
Features: Lower cost, suitable for general industrial applications.
Pros & Cons: Lower pressure resistance, suitable for lower pressure environments.


Comparison of carbon steel pipe classifications

 

National Standard Steel Pipe


National standard steel pipes conform to China's GB/T standards, widely used in domestic construction and machinery industries.
Features: Conforms to China's market standards, reliable quality.
Pros & Cons: Mainly suitable for domestic markets, with limited compatibility in international markets.


American Standard Steel Pipe


American standard steel pipes conform to ASTM standards, widely used in the U.S. and other countries.
Features: Conforms to U.S. and European market standards, suitable for North American regions.

Pros & Cons: Requires additional certification and market adaptation.


Classification Comparison


CategoryFeaturesSimilaritiesDifferences
Manufacturing ProcessSeamless: Uniform thickness, high strength; Welded: Simple, low costBoth are pipe products, commonly used in construction and fluid transportSeamless pipes have higher pressure resistance, while welded pipes are more suitable for general applications
PurposeStructural: Load-bearing; Fluid transport: Transports liquids; Heat exchangers: Heat conduction; Boilers: High pressure & temperatureUsed in industrial, construction, and other environmentsDifferent requirements for pressure, temperature, and material properties
Material CompositionLow carbon: Toughness; Medium carbon: Strength; High carbon: Wear resistanceAll are carbon steel pipes, with good mechanical propertiesDifferent carbon content determines strength, application scope, and wear resistance
Surface TreatmentBlack: Low cost; Galvanized: Corrosion resistance; Coated: Corrosion & wear resistantUsed for various pipeline applications, surface treatment enhances performanceGalvanized is more suitable for outdoor, plastic-coated more wear-resistant
SizeLarge diameter: High flow & pressure; Small diameter: General loadCommon pipe products, widely usedSize determines application and flow requirements
StandardNational: Domestic use; American: North American useConforms to respective standards in different marketsNational standards for domestic, American standards for international use


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